使用字串作為字典的索引

我有一個大字典（最初是一個 json），是這樣的：

dictionary = {
    "Thing1": {
        "Thing1.1": {
            "Thing1.1.1": "Text",
            "Thing1.1.2": "Text",
            "Thing1.1.3": "Text"},
        "Thing1.2": [{
            "Thing1.2.1.1": "Text",
            "Thing1.2.1.2": "Text",
            "Thing1.2.1.3": "Text"},
            {
            "Thing1.2.2.1": "Text",
            "Thing1.2.2.2": "Text",
            "Thing1.2.2.3": "Text we're interested in"}
        ],
        "Thing1.3": {
            "Thing1.3.1": "Text",
            "Thing1.3.2": "Text",
            "Thing1.3.3": "Text"}
    },
    "Thing2": {
            "Thing2.1": {
                "Thing2.1.1": "Text",
                "Thing2.1.2": "Text",
                "Thing2.1.3": "Text"},
            "Thing2.2": {
                "Thing2.2.1": "Text",
                "Thing2.2.2": "Text",
                "Thing2.2.3": "Text"},
            "Thing2.3": {
                "Thing2.3.1": "Text",
                "Thing2.3.2": "Text",
                "Thing2.3.3": "Text"}
        },
    "Thing3": {
        "Thing3.1": {
            "Thing3.1.1": "Text",
            "Thing3.1.2": "Text",
            "Thing3.1.3": "Text"},
        "Thing3.2": {
            "Thing3.2.1": "Text",
            "Thing3.2.2": "Text",
            "Thing3.2.3": "Text"},
        "Thing3.3": {
            "Thing3.3.1": "Text",
            "Thing3.3.2": "Text",
            "Thing3.3.3": "Text"}
    }
}

而且，在自動化了一些事情之后，我有一些我感興趣的值的鍵，在一個字串中： key = '["Thing1"]["Thing1.2"][1]["Thing1.2.2.3"]'' 我希望能夠呼叫我擁有鍵的值，就好像它是下列的： value = dictionary["Thing1"]["Thing1.2"][1]["Thing1.2.2.3"]

我曾嘗試使用 exec，并使用 f-strings 整齊地格式化所有內容，但這太可怕了，它確實給我帶來了一些麻煩，特別是如果我在函式中使用它，因為它處理全域和區域變數的方式。

編輯：我已經更改了字典和鍵以表示它在真實情況下的樣子：這是一個任意深度的字典，其中可能包含嵌入其中的串列，例如“Thing1.2”。

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

讓我們假設嵌套字典的深度是未知的。在這種情況下，我們需要一個回圈來導航它。您可以使用正則運算式來隔離嵌入的鍵。像這樣的東西：

import re

dictionary = {
    "Thing1": {
        "Thing1.1": {
            "Thing1.1.1": "Text",
            "Thing1.1.2": "Text",
            "Thing1.1.3": "Text"},
        "Thing1.2": [{
            "Thing1.2.1.1": "Text",
            "Thing1.2.1.2": "Text",
            "Thing1.2.1.3": "Text"},
            {
            "Thing1.2.2.1": "Text",
            "Thing1.2.2.2": "Text",
            "Thing1.2.2.3": "Text we're interested in"}
        ],
        "Thing1.3": {
            "Thing1.3.1": "Text",
            "Thing1.3.2": "Text",
            "Thing1.3.3": "Text"}
    },
    "Thing2": {
        "Thing2.1": {
            "Thing2.1.1": "Text",
            "Thing2.1.2": "Text",
            "Thing2.1.3": "Text"},
        "Thing2.2": {
            "Thing2.2.1": "Text",
            "Thing2.2.2": "Text",
            "Thing2.2.3": "Text"},
        "Thing2.3": {
            "Thing2.3.1": "Text",
            "Thing2.3.2": "Text",
            "Thing2.3.3": "Text"}
    },
    "Thing3": {
        "Thing3.1": {
            "Thing3.1.1": "Text",
            "Thing3.1.2": "Text",
            "Thing3.1.3": "Text"},
        "Thing3.2": {
            "Thing3.2.1": "Text",
            "Thing3.2.2": "Text",
            "Thing3.2.3": "Text"},
        "Thing3.3": {
            "Thing3.3.1": "Text",
            "Thing3.3.2": "Text",
            "Thing3.3.3": "Text"}
    }
}

key = '["Thing1"]["Thing1.2"][1]["Thing1.2.2.3"]'

list_ = re.findall(r'\["*(.*?)"*\]', key)

d = dictionary

for k in list_:
    if k.isdigit() and isinstance(d, list):
        d = d[int(k)]
    else:
        d = d.get(k)
    if d is None:
        break

print(d)

輸出：

Text we're interested in

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

如果您"1.2.3"想從串列中提供和獲取您想要的專案，您可以使用以下代碼：

keys = "1.2.3".split(".") 
value = dictionary["Thing"   keys[0]]["Thing"   keys[0]   "."   keys[1]]["Thing"   keys[0]   "."   keys[1]   "."   keys[2]]

如果你愿意，你可以從你的key1變數中得到它：

key1 = '["Thing1"]["Thing1.2"]["Thing1.2.3"]'
keys = key1[key1.rfind("Thing")   5: -2].split(".") 
value = dictionary["Thing"   keys[0]]["Thing"   keys[0]   "."   keys[1]]["Thing"   keys[0]   "."   keys[1]   "."   keys[2]]

uj5u.com熱心網友回復：

據我了解，您總是會收到如上所示的字串中的三個鍵，如果沒有，請糾正我。在這種情況下，我找到了以下解決方案：

text = '["Thing1"]["Thing1.2"]["Thing1.2.3"]'
keys = [eval(i) for i in text.replace("[", "").split("]")[:-1]]
target = dictionary[keys[0]][keys[1]][keys[2]] 

作為變數：

keys = ['Thing1', 'Thing1.2', 'Thing1.2.3']
target = "Text we're interested in"

編輯：如果您不想使用 exec 或 eval，也可以這樣做：

keys = text.replace("[", "").replace('"', "").split("]")[:-1]
target = dictionary[keys[0]][keys[1]][keys[2]] 

如果您的深度可變，則可以將最后幾行替換為：

target = dictionary
for k in keys:
    target = target[k]

標籤：Python 细绳 字典 执行

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